Online Age Calculator

The evolution of the scientific calculator

The scientific calculator

Although we may have first started using fingers and toes to countthings, the human race is busy creating machines to assist in calculationsfor several hundred years. From counting devices that were used in the early days to modern calculators many things have taken place in between.

Today, students and professionals alike are equipped with technological calculators capable of performing complex mathematical functions while also solving equations. They will save you a significant amount of time as compared to writing out and solving individual problems and equations.

However, how did inventors advance from the earliest abacus many thousands of years ago to the present scientific calculator?

What is a scientific calculator?

Scientific calculators, also known as digital calculators, are powered by electronics and can solve many different calculations that are used in math, engineering and science.

The more basic calculators typically include four core tasks: subtracting, adding multiplying and dividing. Certain advanced electronic calculators include other functions like the instant percent calculators. Scientific calculators, on the contrary can solve many more complicated mathematical problems like those that are used for probability or statistics.

Many students use scientific calculators in college and high school instruction in classes like calculus and algebra. They are also used extensively in a professional capacity by engineers and architects, among others.

Today, even more advanced calculators are readily available. For instance graphing calculators. graphing calculator incorporates all the functionalities that a scientific calculator has, along with the capability to graph input data.

The story of the calculator's history

Early calculators

Humans first began using tools to count when they came to their invention of abacus which is a tool that's so old its origins haven't been confirmed. It's the process of moving a set of beads or balls from one side of a row of poles the other side of the row.

Around the mid 17th century, the first adding machine was created. It was able of adding and subtracting using the dials.

Then, a series of variations on the addition machine led to the modern electronic calculators that we have today. The first was Philip Hahn's spherical hand-cranked calculator from 1778. It was also the very first commercially produced calculator created by Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar in 1820.

Electronically advanced calculators

In 1954 IBM released the initial transistor-only calculator. In the past, calculators have all relied on vacuum tubes for operation but this model made use of approximately 3,000 transistors instead. It was a big, bulky machine that could cost you up to $83,210.

In the midst of this, inventors began producing smaller versions of the current calculator. In 1967, that first calculator for handheld use appeared on the scene. After that, however, the fundamental interface of standard handheld calculators hasn't changed much. The calculator was first released for sale commercially in the year 1970, weighed 45 ounces and included ten buttons for numerical values from zero to nine. The display could show numerals that could reach twelve decimal points.

Pocket calculators

Throughout the 1970s, calculators were constantly evolving. One of the first pocket calculator with an LED display was released by BUSICOM in 1971 , and it cost $395. Hewlett-Packard quickly followed in 1975 , releasing the very first handheld calculator that could be programmable at $795.

In 1985, Casio had introduced the first graphing calculator and swiftly continued to develop this model. They're still one of the most well-known names in the field of scientific calculators in the way we use them today.

The first scientific calculator

Of all the various versions of the modern calculator, the one that was released in 1968 Hewlett-Packard HP-9100A can be defined as the first calculator that was scientific in nature. It was based on transistor logic and the trigonometry using the CORDIC algorithm, and was an ancestor of RPN entry.

Since then, other brands have taken over and taken over the market for scientific calculators including Sharp, Casio and Canon. Casio is specifically associated with their popular FX series, which includes its Casio FX-991EX widely utilized by students at school.

Modern scientific calculator functions

Today's modern scientific calculators can perform a core array of calculations and functions. Different models and brands may contain additional functions.

Scientific notation

If the numbers are too massive and lengthy to be written using decimal numbers, scientific notation is utilized instead. One example of scientific notation would be "m x 10n."

Arithmetic with floating points

This type of numerical representation is employed when dealing with very small or very huge numbers. It depicts calculations and figures using an approximal form rather than an actual integer.

Trigonometry

Trigonometry includes measuring and finding the angles and angles of triangles with respect to each other . It is generally taught as part of geometry in the educational system. Scientific calculators allow you to calculate and display trigonometric ratios and formulae.

Constants

Scientific calculators also include shorthand buttons for constants such as "pi" so you can easily integrate their use into calculations and formulae.

Calculus

In the high school level of education, calculus includes the study of concepts such as limits and functions. Scientific calculators allow you to solve limits directly without using long, detailed calculations on paper and the paper.

Fractions

Scientific calculators often display fractions as decimal number by default. However, the diverse functions of a scientific calculator allow you to display things like fractions using a variety diverse formats.

Complex numbers

In certain mathematical equations, an imaginary number is used and denoted as "i." Scientific calculators allow calculations using complex numbers. These numbers are written as "a + bi."

Best scientific calculators

The most accurate scientific calculator for middle schoolers

Casio FX 260 Solar II Scientific Calculator: available at Amazon
This is a lightweight calculator that can be easily carried around or put in the locker. The durable case slide over to shield the calculator's screen from being damaged. It's also fairly priced that makes it easy to replace if it is lost or damaged.

A scientific calculator that is ideal for high school and college

Texas Instruments TI-36X Pro Scientific Calculator: available at Amazon
This calculator is suitable for all levels maths at the high school and at college levels, including advanced algebra, calculus, statistics and geometry. It's capable of handling highly complex equations . It displays four lines of data.

Best scientific calculator for professionals

HP 35S Programmable Scientific Calculator: Available at Amazon
In the scientific, medical or engineering field the calculator is as robust as they come. You can select between RPN for input with algebraic functions. Additionally, it comes with a complete range of unit conversions and many more features.

Lauren Farrell is a writer for BestReviews. BestReviews is a product review company with a mission that is to ease your shopping decisions, and help you save some time, as well as cash.

BestReviews is a renowned review site that spends hours investigating, analyzing and evaluating products to help you make the best selections for consumers. BestReviews together with the newspapers it partners could make a profit if you purchase a particular product through one of our link.


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